On Monday, NPR released a story about the declining sophistication of congressional speeches. The article was based on an interesting analysis performed by the Sunlight Foundation, a non-profit, nonpartisan group. The group’s study of the Congressional Record (every speech made in the Senate or the House) from 1996 through April 25, 2012 revealed these trends:
As the graph shows, the average politician’s speech making declined from an 11.5 grade level at its peak in 2002 to 10.5 at its lowest point in 2011; Republicans went from 11.6 to 10.3; and Democrats went from 11.4 to 10.6. Each group’s average has risen a bit since 2011.
The analysis uses the objective Flesch-Kincaid test, which considers two factors: length of words and length of sentences. The longer the words and sentences, the higher the grade level. It does not take into account clarity or accuracy. Thus, a speech could be ranked at a high grade level and still be convoluted or erroneous—but on the other hand, so could a speech ranked at a low level.
Despite those issues, I find the data fascinating. Is it coincidence that when our country was most united—after the September 11 tragedies—political speech making reflected that unity? Did the shift in 2007 when Democrats took the lead have to do with conservatives’ criticism of then-candidate Obama’s “elitist” ways? Perhaps they unconsciously (or consciously) tried to distance themselves from him with the language they used in their speeches. And what’s the cause of the across-the-board rise in 2012? I don’t know the answers to any of those questions, but they’re interesting to speculate about.
As thought-provoking as those questions are, however, we nitpickers are most interested in what this means about communication. Should we, as citizens, worry that our politicians are speaking with less and less sophistication? Do we want the kind of political leaders that produced the Constitution, which was written at a 17.8 grade level? Or should we celebrate the fact that these politicians are now speaking in a way more reflective of the populace, which averages between an 8th and 9th grade level? Or should we bemoan the fact that they’re still speaking over the average American’s head? We can’t wait to hear your opinions.
Please elaborate on your answer in the Comments section.
[Image Source: NPR]







